Glossary

Collection of each of the keyword which you have read in the notes with their definitions.

A

Acceleration

The rate of change of velocity of a moving object is called as acceleration. Its unit is $m/s^2$.

Amplitude

The maximum displacement of a wave from its equilibrium position.

Angular momentum

The rotational analog of linear momentum. Conserved when no external torque acts.

C

Centripetal force

The net inward force that keeps an object moving in a circular path.

Conservation of energy

Energy can change form, but the total energy in a closed system remains constant.

Curie temperature

The temperature at which the ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic material loses its strong magnetic properties and its phase is change to paramagnetic phase is called Curie temperature.

D

Diamagnetism

The weak and negative response of a material to an external magnetic field is termed as diamagnetism.

E

Electric field

A vector field describing the electric force per unit charge at each point in space.

Electromagnetic induction

The production of an electromotive force by a changing magnetic flux.

Electromagnetism

It is the branch of physics that studies the relationship between electricity and magnetism.

F

Ferromagnetic

A ferromagnetic materials is one that can become a strong permanent magnet.

Force

An interaction that can change the motion of an object. SI unit: newton.

Frequency

The number of cycles or oscillations per unit time. SI unit: hertz.

I

Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.

L

Lorentz force

The total electromagnetic force on a charge: F = qE + qv×B.

M

Magnetic field

A vector field B that exerts a force on moving charges. Measured in tesla.

Magnetic flux

A measure of the magnetic field passing through a surface.

Magnetic moment

A vector quantity describing the strength and orientation of a magnetic source.

Magnetism

It is the property of materials to attract or repel each other because of the motion and alignment of electrons.

Momentum

The product of mass and velocity, p = mv. Conserved in a closed system.

Monopole

A hypothetical isolated single magnetic pole. None confirmed in ordinary experiments.

N

Newton

The SI unit of force. One newton accelerates one kilogram at one m/s².

P

Paramagnetism

It is the weak, positive magnetization of a material in response to an applied magnetic field, due to the presence of unpaired electrons.

S

Spacetime

The four-dimensional framework combining three spatial dimensions and time.

T

Tesla

The SI unit of magnetic field strength. 1 T = 1 N/(A·m).

Torque

The rotational analog of force. Torque tends to produce angular acceleration.

V

Velocity

The rate of change of displacement with time. A vector with magnitude and direction.

W

Wavelength

The spatial period of a wave; the distance over which the wave shape repeats.

Glossary entries are editable and reusable across all notes.